1.
C# Language Basics:
·
C# is a modern, object-oriented
programming language developed by Microsoft. It is widely used for developing
various types of applications targeting the .NET framework.
·
C# is statically typed, which means
variables must be declared with their data type before they can be used.
·
C# uses curly braces `{ }` to define
blocks of code, such as for classes, methods, loops, and conditional
statements.
2.
Variables and Data Types:
·
Variables are used to store data in
memory. In C#, you need to declare a variable before using it.
·
C# provides various built-in data types,
such as `int` (integer), `float` (floating-point number), `string` (text),
`bool` (boolean), etc.
·
Example variable declaration: `int age =
25;`
·
You can also use the `var` keyword to
declare variables with implicit type inference: `var name = "John";`
3.
Control Flow:
v C#
provides several control flow statements to control the execution of your
program.
v `if`
statement: Executes a block of code if a specified condition is true.
v `else`
statement: Executes a block of code if the preceding `if` statement condition
is false.
v `switch`
statement: Allows you to select one of many code blocks to execute based on a
specified value.
v `for`
loop: Repeatedly executes a block of code a specific number of times.
v `while`
and `do-while` loops: Repeatedly execute a block of code while a specified
condition is true.
4.
Functions and Methods:
v Functions
in C# encapsulate a block of code that can be executed when called.
v Functions
can have input parameters and return values.
v Example
function declaration:
int Add(int a, int b)
{
return a + b;
}
v You
can call a function and use its return value in your code: `int result = Add(5,
3);`
5.
Classes and Objects:
v C#
is an object-oriented language, and classes are fundamental building blocks.
v A
class is a blueprint for creating objects that have properties (data) and
methods (functions).
v Example
class declaration:
class Person
{
public string Name { get; set; }
public int Age { get; set; }
public void SayHello()
{
Console.WriteLine("Hello, my name is " + Name);
}
}
v You
can create objects (instances) of a class and access their properties and
methods:
Person person = new Person();
person.Name = "John";
person.Age = 25;
person.SayHello();
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